Every day, millions of people rinse yoghurt tubs, flatten cardboard boxes and separate plastic, paper and glass with the belief that they are helping solve the environmental crisis. Recycling has become one of the world's most familiar environmental habits and is often presented as a symbol of sustainability. Yet an important question remains: can recycling truly keep pace with a world built on mass production, overconsumption and disposable products?

The last time you replaced your phone, where did the old one go? For most of us, the answer is simple: we don’t know. And that is precisely where the story of e-waste begins. Introduction In the second half of the 19th century, society experienced the widespread use of electricity. The development of household appliances, personal devices (such as mobile phones and computers), medical technologies and transportation systems has significantly shaped the way we socialize, learn